The cancer has spread outside the intestine to one or more lymph nodes near the bowel. Dukes' C1 is within the bowel wall, C2 is through the bowel wall, and C3 involves adjacent structures.
Standard Treatment This stage is highly treatable and often curable with standard therapy, but patients should be considered candidates for adjuvant clinical trials .
The standard treatment is to remove a wide section of the colon and rejoin the remaining ends (anastomosis),
